October 6, 2025

Feature	CBG	CNG
Source	Biomass & organic waste	Fossil fuel
Environmental Impact	Eco-friendly, circular economy	Cleaner than petrol/diesel, fossil-based
Imports	Domestic production possible	50.8% import dependency
Commercial Viability	Rural employment, renewable energy	Limited rural livelihood impact

2. India Calls for UN Reforms at 80th UNGA

• Key Issues:

  • Decision-making gridlock due to P5 veto power

  • Outdated UNSC structure, underrepresentation of Global South

  • Financial and administrative inefficiencies

  • Perceived erosion of sovereignty by some nations

• India’s Role:

  • Advocate Security Council expansion via G4

  • Promote Global South interests

  • Lead counter-terrorism efforts and multilateral diplomacy

  • Leverage historical credibility and soft power initiatives

• Suggested Reforms: Text-based negotiations, veto restrictions, linking membership with contributions, accountability mechanisms, permanent Global South forums, continuous review.

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3. Pandit Chhannulal Mishra: Thumri Maestro Passes Away

• Legacy: Master of Purab Ang Thumri, Padma Bhushan (2010), Padma Vibhushan (2020)

• About Thumri: Semi-classical North Indian music, expressive storytelling, bhava-focused, improvisational freedom

• Major Gharanas: Banaras, Lucknow, Patiala

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4. Exercise KONKAN 2025

• Participants: Indian Navy & UK Royal Navy

• Highlights: Carrier Strike Group operations, harbour & sea phases, anti-air, anti-surface, anti-submarine drills

• Strategic Significance: Strengthens India-UK maritime ties, promotes Indo-Pacific security, enhances interoperability

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5. Rising Cancer Burden in India

• Key Stats (2023): 15 lakh new cases, 12 lakh deaths

• Major Causes: Ageing, unhealthy lifestyles, healthcare system deficiencies, environmental carcinogens, high treatment costs, infection-linked cancers (HPV, Hepatitis)

• Government Measures: NPCDCS, National Cancer Grid, HPV vaccination, awareness campaigns

• Future Actions: Control carcinogens, universal vaccination & screening, robust treatment infrastructure, research & evidence-based policies

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6. Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDDKY)

• Objective: Boost farm productivity, integrate allied sectors, promote sustainable agriculture

• Coverage: 100 aspirational districts, convergence of 36 schemes from 11 departments

• Implementation: District DDKY Samiti chaired by District Collector, coordination with local administration and central nodal officers

• Expected Impact: Direct benefit to 1.7 crore farmers, improve crop diversification, infrastructure, and income sources

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7. Tribal Village Vision 2030

• Launched: Special Gram Sabhas, 2nd October 2025

• Focus Areas: Education, health, livelihoods, infrastructure, financial inclusion

• Mechanisms: Adi Karmayogi Abhiyan, Adi Sewa Kendras, AI-powered Adi Vaani App

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8. Crime in India 2023 Report

• Total Crimes: 6.24 million (7.2% increase from 2022)

• Trends: Rise in cybercrime (31.2%), crimes against SC/ST/children; slight decrease in murder, rape, dowry deaths

• Drivers: Increasing internet users, cybercriminal sophistication, cross-border crimes, data breaches

• Government Framework: IT Act 2000, DPDP Act 2023, CERT-In, NCIIPC, I4C, Cyber Swachhta Kendra

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CLAT/Exam Relevance Summary

• Renewable energy policies & CBG vs CNG distinctions (GS Paper-3, Environment & Energy)

• UN reforms, Security Council expansion, global diplomacy (GS Paper-2, International Relations)

• Health policies & cancer prevention measures (GS Paper-2, Health & Women Issues)

• Agriculture schemes & aspirational districts (GS Paper-3, Economy & Rural Development)

• Tribal welfare & AI-enabled governance (GS Paper-2, Social Justice & Welfare)

• Cybercrime trends & cybersecurity measures (GS Paper-2, Internal Security)

• Cultural heritage & Thumri music legacy (GS Paper-1, Arts & Culture)